Autonomic Nervous System & Divisions of the ANS
7 important questions on Autonomic Nervous System & Divisions of the ANS
Name the 2 structures that the motor neurons of the ANS innvervate?
is control of ANS motor neurons subconscious or conscious?
control of ANS motor neurons is subconscious
Name the 2 division of the ANS
does does each divison do?
- PANS, maintenance and conserves body energy
- SANS, acts in flight and fight situation
Where do the fibers of PANS originate from compared to SANS?
How long are the fibers of PANS compared to SANS?
Where is the location of these ganglion?
Name the neurotransmitters released by the PANS and SANS
What are the functional difference between PANS and SANS
- PANS= Nuclei of CN III, VII, IX, X found in brainstem and between S2-S4
- SANS= thoracolumbar region of the T1-L2 of the spinal cord
- PANS = long preganglionic & short postganglionic
- SANS= short preganglionic & long postganglionic
- PANS= very close to or within the visceral effector organs
- SANS= close to the spinal cord
- PANS= All preganglionic and postganglionic axons release Acetylcholine
- SANS= All preganglionic axons release Acetylcholine; most postganglionic axons release norepinephrine.
- PANS= maintenance + conserve energy
- SANS= flight or fight
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Name the 4 metabolic effects that SANS promotes which the PANS cannot reverse
- Increases the metabolic rate of body cells
- Raises blood glucose levels
- Mobilizes fat as a food source
- Stimulates the reticular activating system (RAS) of the brain, increasing mental alertness
Is it true does hypothalamus control all SANS and PANS?
- which nucei of the hypothalamus controls Vasodilation, sweating, Water balance
- which nucei of the hypothalamus controls Sleep, Circadian Rythms, body t, hormone secretion
- which nucei of the hypothalamus controls Vasoconstriction of the skin, shivering and slowed breathing
- which nucei of the hypothalamus controls Stim. appetite
- which nucei of the hypothalamus controls Supress food intake
- preoptic nucleus
- suprachiasmatic nucleus
- posterior hypothalamic nucleus
- lateral hypothalamic area
- ventromedial nucleus
Damage to the 5 hypothalamic nuclei cause impairments in what 8 things
- blood pressure,
- heart rate
- pupil function
- eating disorders
- reproductive and urinary disorders
- sleep disturbances
- dehydration
- emotional imbalances
What is raynauds disease?
what occurs in its most extreme cases? How do doctors deal with these extreme cases
ischemia and gangrene (tissue death)
doctors propose the surgery sympathectomy
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