Attachment - Effect on institutionalisation

9 important questions on Attachment - Effect on institutionalisation

What was the focus of Rutter (2011) study on Romanian orphans?

Rutter (2011) followed 165 Romanian orphans as part of the English and Romanian adoptee study (ERA). Physical, cognitive and emotional development was assessed at ages 4, 6, 11, 15, and 22-25 years. Half showed delayed intellectual development and were malnourished.

How did the age of adoption affect IQ levels in Rutter's study?

At age 11, adopted children showed different recovery rates related to adoption age:
  • Before 6 months (102)
  • 6 months-2 years (86)
  • After 2 years (77)

What signs did children adopted after 6 months show in Rutter's study?

Children adopted after 6 months showed signs of disinhibited attachment, including attention seeking and indiscriminate social behavior.
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What was the aim of Zenah et al (2005) study?

Zenah et al (2005) conducted the Bucharest Early Intervention (BEI) project, assessing attachment in 95 Romanian children aged 12-31 months. They compared them to a control group of 50 children who never lived in an institution.

What were the findings regarding secure attachment in Zenah et al (2005)?

Zenah et al (2005) found 74% of the control group were securely attached, whereas only 19% of the institution group had secure attachment.

What percentage of institutionalized children showed disinhibited attachment in Zenah et al (2005)?

44% of institutionalized children had disinhibited attachment, compared to 20% of the control group.

What historical context led to the Romanian orphan problem?

Under Nicolae Ceausescu, abortion and contraception were banned, leading to severe food and energy shortages. Many abandoned children ended up in under-funded, state-run orphanages.

What conditions did Romanian orphans face in institutions?

Romanian orphans lived in inhumane conditions, infested with fleas and rats, lacked medicine and washing facilities, and suffered abuse. At 18, they were kicked out to fend for themselves.

What limitation is noted about Romanian orphanage studies?

A limitation of Romanian orphanage studies is the lack of data on adult development, making it difficult to assess long-term effects of institutionalization.

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