Immune-mediated toxicity - Normal functioning of the immunesystem
11 important questions on Immune-mediated toxicity - Normal functioning of the immunesystem
What is NF-kB? Which genes does it activate? (4)
Plays an important role in inflammation.
- Genes for cytokines + chemokines
- Pro-inflammation genes.
- Cell survival.
- Genes for anti-apoptotic factors
cytokines
immune sytem
adhesion
drug-metabolizing
antioxidant
anti-apoptosis
Which cells are recruited via MHCI? And which cells bij MHCII?
MHCII - T-helper cells 4
What happens during an inflammatory response?
Macrophages => produce cytokines and chemokines. => recruitment of leukocytes
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What is the relation between TNF, JNK, NF-kB and ROS?
They are important in celproliferation and apoptosis.
TNF (tumor necrotic factor) activates TNFR1. And that causes the downstream patways. Dependent on the JNK is activated, this is important for the apoptose genes (bax/bak, cyt-c, casp)
Explain how the innate and adaptive immune system are related to each other.
- Innate: detects via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)
- APC have class MHC I and II => present to 8 and 4. 8 kill, 4 help.
- T-helper cells (4) activate B lymphocytes to make antibodies.
What is needed for a APC to activate a T-cell?
What are the APC cells? (2) (1)
- Dendritic cells
- Macrophages.
- (B-cells)
Where are Toll-like receptors? Do we have multipe types?
Yes.
What are DAMPs? What do they activate?
What are characteristics of the adaptive immune system? (5)
- Antibody diversity
- Amplifying
- Self vs non-self
- Memory
- Shuts itself down
What type of MHC classes do we have?
Specialized cells have class I and class II: dendritic cells, macrophages and B-cells.
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