Learning and Memory - MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OFLEARNING AND MEMORY
3 important questions on Learning and Memory - MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OFLEARNING AND MEMORY
What does Hebbs rule state about two nearby neurons that fire at the same time?
Physical connection between the neurons becomes more efficient
State the nine steps of short-term sensation
- 5HT activates the G protein attached to the serotonin receptor
- Second Messenger system is activated
- Adenylyl cyclase converts ATP into cAMP
- cAMP binds to protein kinase A (PKA) breaking it down into catalytic sub units and regulatory sub units
- Catalytic subunits phosphorylate proteins including K+ channels
- phosphorylation of K+ channels before synapse leads to decrease in K + channel opening
- Prolonged depolarisation
- Increase in Ca2+ influx
- Increase influx results and increase in neurotransmitter release
State the 10 step molecular pathway in long-term sensitisation
- PKA phosphorylated proteins activate CREB (cAMP-response element binding protein)
- CREB binds to the cAMP responsive elements (CRE)
- increase gene transcription
- CREB increases the creation of an enzyme Ubiquitin Hydrolase
- Ubiquitin Hydrolase degrades the regulatory subunit of PKA
- persistent increase in the amount of free catalytic subunits of PKA as a result
- PKA is persistently active and independent of 5-HT
- Results in sustained increase in transmitter release because K+ in inhibited (delays hyperpolarisation, prolongs depol therefore the Ca2+ influx in greater = greater neurotransmitter release)
- transcriptional regulator c/EBD, increase gene transcription
- Stimulate synaptic growth
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