Lecture title - Membrane potential

5 important questions on Lecture title - Membrane potential

What is the membrane potential and why is it called membrane potential?

A separation of opposite charges across the membrane (unequal number of (+) and negative (+) on each side of the membrane meaning the membrane is polarised)
The term comes from the potential for the membrane to harness the electrical force of attraction between separated charges to perform work when they are permitted to come together.

Where do the attractive forces between the separated charges cause them to accumulate?

in a thin layer along the outer and inner surfaces of the plasma membrane

What 2 factors generates the resting membrane potential of a cell and what maintains the resting membrane potential

  1. The unequal distribution of key ions Na+,  K+ & negatively charged (anionic) intracellular proteins, written as A-) between the ICF and the ECF
  2. the permability of a cell to a Ion. That Ion will influence the cells mV

RMP is maintained by Na+/K+ pumps & Na+ and K+ leak channels
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What is the relationship between the equilibrium constant of an ion and electrical & concentration gradient?

The equilibrium constant is the magnitude of the electrical gradient that offsets the concentration gradient for the ion moving outside the cell.
The steeper the concentration gradient is for an ion, the greater the ion’s equilibrium constant because a larger opposing electrical gradient would be required to counterbalance the steeper concentration gradient.

In a living cell with both Na+ and K+ what determines the cell’s equilibrium potential?

Which ion the cell is more permeable too.
The greater the permeability of the plasma  membrane for a given ion, the greater the tendency for that ion to drive the membrane potential toward the ion’s equilibrium potential.
Because most cells are more permeable to K+, K+ equilibrium constant influences the RMP more than Na+ does

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