Summary: Physiology: Digestion

Read the summary and the most important questions on Physiology: Digestion

• 1 Lecture 1: Digestive tract

• 1.2 Regulation

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• What are some GIT functions that are regulated intrinsically?

  Secretions, patterns of motility, reflexes

• What are some GIT functions that are regulated extrinsically?

  Fight or flight, rest and digest

• 1.3 ENS

• What are the networks of the ENS?

  1. Myenteric plexus: between circular and longitudinal muscle layers
  2. Submucosal plexus: within the submucosa

• What are the functions of the myenteric plexus?

  Control GI tract motility by providing motor inputs to muscle layers and by receiving sensory inputs from mechanoreceptors

• What are the functions of the submucosal plexus?

  Control GI secretions by providing motor inputs to smooth muscles of glands and by receiving sensory inputs from chemoreceptors in mucosa

• What coordinates the two plexuses of the ENS?

  Interneurons

• 1.3.1 Neurotransmitters

• How do the nerves of the ENS communicate with the structures they innervate?

  Neurotransmitters

• What specialized structure do the motor axons of the ENS have?

  Arborizations called varicosities

• What do the varicosities of the motor axons contain?

  Neurocrines (neurotransmitters on hormones)

• 1.3.1.1 Excitatory

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• What is the effect of acetylcholine in ENS?

  Smooth muscle contraction, intestinal secretions, release of enteric hormones, blood vessel dilation