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External circumferential lamellae

[lamella circumferentia externa]: (Singular = external circumferential lamella) Lamellae that surround and line the whole outer boundary of bone.

Spongy (trabecular) bone tissue

[textus osseus spongiosus/trabecularis]: Also called cancellous bone; consists of slender spicules and reinforcing struts (trabeculae) to provide strength without excessive bulk. Found inside bone ends and between compact layers.

Physis or epiphyseal cartilage

[cartilago epiphysialis]: The hyaline cartilage growth plate situated between ossified portions of a developing bone (also called the epiphyseal plate [lamina epiphysialis]).

Free parts of the limbs

[pars libera membri]: The extended limb sections beyond the girdles, spanning from the humerus/femur down through the distal phalanges of the fingers and toes.

Sternal extremity of the clavicle

[extremitas sternalis claviculae]: The rounded medial end of the clavicle that articulates directly with the sternum.

Acromial extremity of the clavicle

[extremitas acromialis claviculae]: The flattened lateral portion of the clavicle that articulates with the acromion of the scapula.

Anterior surface of the scapula or costal surface of the scapula

[facies anterior/costalis scapulae]: The anterior surface of the scapula, called the costal surface because it faces the ribs (costae).

Spine of the scapula or scapular spine

[spina scapulae]: The large ridge which unevenly divides the posterior surface of the scapula.

Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

[fossa infraspinata scapulae]: The depressed area below the scapular spine.

Notch of the scapula or scapular notch

[incisura scapulae]: The indention in the superior border near the coracoid process (also called suprascapular notch).

Medial border of the scapula

[margo medialis scapulae]: The somewhat straight edge of the scapula that parallels the vertebral column.

Lateral border of the scapula

[margo lateralis scapulae]: The edge of the scapula between the lateral and inferior angles of the scapula.

Glenoid cavity of the scapula or glenoid fossa of the scapula

[cavitas/fossa glenoidalis scapulae]: The depressed articular surface of the scapula which occupies the lateral angle.

Inferior angle of the scapula

[angulus inferior scapulae]: The corner where the medial and lateral borders of the scapula meet one another.

Neck of the scapula or scapular neck

[collum scapulae]: The slight constriction that encircles the scapula just medial to the glenoid cavity.

Anatomic neck of the humerus

[collum anatomicum humeri]: A subtle indentation at the articular margin of the humeral head.

Surgical neck of the humerus

[collum chirurgicum humeri]: The constricted area just distal to the anatomical neck and tubercles of the humerus.

Greater tubercle of the humerus

[tuberculum majus humeri]: The large non-articular projection just lateral to the humeral head.

Lesser tubercle of the humerus

[tuberculum minus humeri]: The humeral projection that is anterior to the greater tubercle.

Intertubercular groove of the humerus

[sulcus intertubercularis humeri]: The longitudinally oriented depression that separates the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus (also called the bicipital groove).

Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

[tuberositas deltoidea humeri]: A subtle, roughened area projecting laterally along the midpoint of the humerus.

Condyle of the humerus or humeral condyle

[condylus humeri]: The articular portion of the distal epiphysis of the humerus.

Lateral epicondyle of the humerus [epicondylus lateralis humeri]

– the enlarged area on the lateral aspect of the distal humeral epiphysis.

Lateral supracondylar crest of the humerus [crista supracondylaris lateralis humeri]

– the distinct ridge, several centimeters long, which extends proximally from the lateral epicondyle up to the body of the humerus.

Olecranon fossa of the humerus [fossa olecrani humeri]

– a deep, non-articular depression on the posterior aspect of the distal end of the humerus which receives the olecranon of the ulna when the elbow joint is fully extended.

Coronoid fossa of the humerus [fossa coronoidea humeri]

– a depression on the medial side of the anterior aspect of the distal humerus just proximal (superior) to the trochlea. It receives the coronoid process of the ulna during extreme flexion of the elbow joint.

Neck of the radius [collum radii]

– the constricted region of the radius just distal to the radial head.

Tuberosity of the radius or radial tuberosity [tuberositas radii]

– the projection from the anteromedial side of the radial body near its proximal aspect. The slight bump.

Ulnar notch of the radius

[incisura ulnaris radii] – the depression on the medial side of the distal epiphysis just proximal to the carpal articular surface. WHere meets ulna.

Carpal articular surface

[facies articularis carpalis] of the radius – the distal epiphysis of the radius. Flat surface at very end.

Trochlear notch of the ulna

[incisura trochlearis ulnae] – the rounded concavity on the anterior aspect of the proximal epiphysis of the ulna. In between olecranon/ caronoid.

Radial notch of the ulna

[incisura radialis ulnae] – the indentation just distal to the trochlear notch which receives the articular circumference of the radial head.

Interosseous border of the ulna

[margo interosseus ulnae] – the roughened, ridge-like portion of the ulnar body, which faces the radius.

Hamulus (hook) of the hamate bone

[hamulus ossis hamati] – an anterior projection that forms part of the carpal groove.

Base of metacarpal bone

[basis ossis metacarpi] – is the proximal epiphysis. Example: base of the first metacarpal bone [basis ossis metacarpalis primi].

Body of metacarpal bone

[corpus ossis metacarpi] – is the diaphysis. Example: body of the third metacarpal bone [corpus ossis metacarpi tertii].

Head of metacarpal bone

[caput ossis metacarpi] – is the distal epiphysis. Example: head of the fifth metacarpal bone [caput ossis metacarpalis quintae].

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Anatomy unit 1

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